Vision: Mechano-immunology for Precision Medicine

Our immune system holds the potential to treat many diseases. But the mechanisms that govern immune cell behavior are not fully understood. Previous studies have focused on biochemical cues that govern immune cell behavior. However, mounting evidence has demonstrated that physical cues also modulate immune cell behaviors. Many of these physical cues are encoded in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds cells in solid tissues. In particular, the physical and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix, such as stiffness and viscoelasticity, are emerging as critical drivers of immunity. Consequently, the extracellular matrix is no longer considered an inert scaffold that holds cells together, but as a key mediator of immunity.

Taken together, a new view is emerging whereby immune cells are thought to integrate both biochemical and physical cues to carry out their functions. We are interested in elucidating how ECM stiffness and viscoelasticity regulate the biophysics of important immune cell functions, such as migration and the formation of specialized immune cell interfaces, the immunological synapse. Our approach involves using engineered biomaterials to mimic 3D tissues, mouse models, advanced imaging, computational analysis, development of biophysical tools, and genetic perturbation. We strive for fundamental insights that translate into improving human health.